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Publication Date

June 2008

Author(s)

Client/Funder

Center for Responsible Lending

Maps of each U.S. Congressional district comparing subprime mortgage lending across the United States with the location of low-income and minority communities.

UNC Center for Community Capital researchers compared subprime mortgage lending across the United States with the location of low-income and minority communities.

Maps (below) of each U.S. congressional district compare the two:

  • Left side of map — shows the location of low-income and minority residents.
  • Right side of map — shows the location of subprime loans made in that district.

Subprime Lending Maps

Congressional District % Black & Latino Average Median Income % of Subprime Loans
Alabama
01 29% $32,780.21 30%
02 30% $31,861.88 30%
03 33% $29,930.99 29%
04 8% $30,931.98 37%
05 19% $39,674.97 26%
06 11% $49,448.61 24%
07 62% $27,394.50 44%
Alaska
00 7% $52,328.24 22%
Arizona
01 20% $34,240.26 26%
02 16% $46,714.71 30%
03 16% $55,493.53 27%
04 65% $30,203.59 49%
05 16% $57,391.40 22%
06 19% $53,933.35 28%
07 53% $31,811.31 36%
08 22% $45,502.86 20%
Arkansas
01 18% $28,876.46 30%
02 22% $36,939.07 24%
03 8% $34,415.76 23%
04 27% $29,356.13 34%
California
01 19% $41,418.00 20%
02 15% $33,822.07 27%
03 14% $52,086.20 24%
04 10% $51,139.71 18%
05 35% $39,593.64 35%
06 16% $62,298.44 15%
07 38% $52,294.23 30%
08 26% $58,639.31 11%
09 45% $49,952.83 26%
10 21% $71,956.92 23%
11 24% $61,049.31 24%
12 18% $60,754.77 13%
13 28% $66,062.00 21%
14 21% $87,670.42 12%
15 19% $79,325.14 14%
16 41% $69,582.15 22%
17 46% $51,386.01 22%
18 47% $35,408.65 39%
19 32% $42,393.00 41%
20 68% $28,402.16 44%
21 47% $38,619.95 33%
22 27% $44,371.72 34%
23 46% $46,599.29 21%
24 24% $63,468.71 17%
25 35% $55,007.20 38%
26 29% $64,570.44 22%
27 42% $51,570.13 30%
28 59% $43,191.67 31%
29 32% $48,179.45 19%
30 11% $79,699.41 13%
31 73% $27,585.10 32%
32 66% $41,481.51 31%
33 65% $34,228.96 31%
34 81% $30,383.22 34%
35 81% $34,650.74 40%
36 33% $53,866.49 16%
37 69% $35,417.17 40%
38 74% $44,682.79 35%
39 67% $46,295.64 33%
40 33% $57,898.11 24%
41 29% $39,878.06 37%
42 27% $73,557.25 20%
43 71% $35,619.80 45%
44 41% $56,433.35 31%
45 43% $40,802.05 34%
46 21% $66,500.13 16%
47 66% $42,908.16 39%
48 17% $75,309.27 15%
49 35% $47,761.00 31%
50 21% $67,761.40 16%
51 63% $41,561.82 31%
52 17% $57,157.96 19%
53 37% $40,157.10 20%
Colorado
01 40% $43,548.05 38%
02 16% $58,507.82 20%
03 22% $36,292.00 25%
04 18% $43,547.97 24%
05 16% $46,935.56 24%
06 8% $75,965.91 21%
07 26% $48,781.73 31%
Connecticut
01 24% $49,331.47 25%
02 7% $56,111.40 21%
03 19% $50,936.21 27%
04 24% $80,124.00 22%
05 16% $55,964.95 25%
Delaware
00 24% $48,655.59 23%
District of Columbia
98 68% $43,110.31 23%
Florida
01 17% $36,627.54 25%
02 26% $34,848.23 23%
03 52% $29,999.16 47%
04 19% $44,338.14 26%
05 10% $35,161.23 31%
06 17% $38,614.82 30%
07 17% $44,174.09 28%
08 26% $44,869.20 34%
09 13% $45,855.21 30%
10 8% $38,657.86 28%
11 47% $34,324.06 43%
12 24% $37,646.33 39%
13 13% $43,599.62 25%
14 14% $46,327.14 32%
15 18% $41,522.98 32%
16 15% $42,543.53 32%
17 76% $30,645.31 55%
18 68% $40,933.57 36%
19 19% $49,537.46 33%
20 32% $47,416.71 33%
21 77% $45,677.21 43%
22 15% $56,811.96 25%
23 61% $32,469.18 45%
24 17% $45,398.61 30%
25 73% $44,757.26 45%
Georgia
01 26% $36,098.92 25%
02 48% $29,085.96 34%
03 42% $29,821.00 37%
04 62% $52,205.58 38%
05 61% $36,853.17 34%
06 12% $79,649.13 20%
07 13% $61,806.68 26%
08 18% $52,545.95 29%
09 17% $40,135.83 26%
10 13% $41,462.88 29%
11 34% $37,718.14 34%
12 46% $29,973.69 62%
13 50% $44,367.71 43%
Hawaii
01 7% $55,371.52 21%
02 10% $51,479.50 24%
Idaho
01 7% $37,947.57 24%
02 9% $37,928.88 24%
Illinois
01 72% $33,956.43 52%
02 72% $41,389.66 58%
03 28% $47,672.96 35%
04 78% $36,989.44 38%
05 26% $51,263.54 26%
06 15% $66,343.80 26%
07 67% $37,363.55 35%
08 13% $67,731.11 26%
09 23% $54,213.67 23%
10 18% $83,388.55 21%
11 15% $46,765.88 30%
12 18% $27,795.18 29%
13 10% $73,982.19 24%
14 23% $54,596.90 28%
15 8% $40,369.66 22%
16 12% $48,349.17 28%
17 10% $34,824.89 30%
18 8% $42,365.55 21%
19 5% $38,298.75 21%
Indiana
01 5% $38,298.75 21%
02 13% $40,167.01 31%
03 6% $42,853.35 25%
04 4% $45,938.04 13%
05 4% $52,578.39 23%
06 5% $39,044.75 31%
07 34% $36,309.38 41%
08 4% $36,637.00 26%
09 4% $39,293.00 25%
Iowa
01 6% $38,704.20 24%
02 5% $40,720.79 20%
03 6% $42,853.35 25%
04 3% $38,703.23 25%
05 4% $37,141.34 31%
Kansas
01 13% $35,002.03 28%
02 8% $38,223.95 26%
03 16% $53,775.32 23%
04 13% $42,254.54 26%
Kentucky
01 8% $30,250.85 31%
02 7% $35,460.25 28%
03 20% $40,794.23 25%
04 32% $40,607.37 24%
05 17% $21,554.06 36%
06 10% $38,982.00 24%
Louisiana
01 18% $42,922.48 22%
02 64% $23,226.66 33%
03 26% $34,483.00 33%
04 35% $30,661.87 36%
05 35% $27,281.73 38%
06 35% $37,298.30 32%
07 26% $32,425.97 29%
Maine
01 1% $42,496.84 21%
02 1% $32,947.00 31%
Maryland
01 13% $53,664.59 21%
02 28% $45,949.49 36%
03 20% $54,777.77 25%
04 64% $60,894.27 40%
05 33% $64,324.29 33%
06 5% $49,814.47 22%
07 60% $39,503.87 38%
08 30% $77,958.27 23%
Massachusetts
01 8% $43,269.87 23%
02 15% $44,263.80 27%
03 9% $51,127.12 22%
04 5% $58,035.33 18%
05 13% $59,462.97 22%
06 6% $59,038.36 17%
07 8% $62,381.81 19%
08 38% $40,736.22 23%
09 13% $57,924.49 23%
10 3% $54,443.56 17%
Michigan
01 2% $34,320.35 28%
02 10% $41,473.76 26%
03 14% $47,139.38 28%
04 3% $39,335.22 26%
05 22% $39,966.84 34%
06 12% $41,086.32 28%
07 8% $45,825.59 29%
08 8% $57,372.17 25%
09 11% $73,357.06 21%
10 4% $53,847.34 23%
11 6% $61,641.59 24%
12 13% $48,406.33 35%
13 68% $32,396.35 60%
14 63% $36,872.94 59%
15 14% $51,304.54 30%
Minnesota
01 4% $42,549.22 23%
02 4% $64,219.24 23%
03 6% $66,978.29 4%
04 12% $47,815.33 28%
05 19% $42,531.27 29%
06 2% $59,831.03 24%
07 3% $36,591.00 25%
08 1% $37,221.31 26%
Mississippi
01 28% $32,922.95 23%
02 64% $27,676.61 23%
03 2% $32,949.88 4%
04 24% $32,195.00 28%
Missouri
01 52% $33,527.82 48%
02 4% $51,744.66 19%
03 11% $41,534.15 28%
04 4% $34,840.36 29%
05 29% $37,472.09 37%
06 5% $42,097.44 28%
07 4% $34,616.25 27%
08 5% $27,894.41 66%
09 5% $37,571.37 24%
Montana
00 2% $33,199.26 21%
Nebraska
01 6% $41,534.38 21%
02 16% $48,424.22 23%
03 6% $33,949.01 34%
Nevada
01 40% $43,451.78 38%
02 18% $46,912.86 24%
03 21% $53,949.04 30%
New Hampshire
01 2% $40,387.19 22%
02 2% $50,481.36 24%
New Jersey
01 25% $48,838.84 28%
02 24% $44,903.74 25%
03 12% $58,061.70 22%
04 14% $57,542.61 21%
05 6% $77,072.05 17%
06 28% $57,088.97 25%
07 11% $78,388.04 17%
08 38% $45,040.32 30%
09 26% $54,503.33 25%
10 71% $39,807.88 46%
11 9% $82,923.94 15%
12 17% $73,284.89 17%
13 58% $38,336.91 32%
New Mexico
01 45% $41,626.77 24%
02 51% $29,019.59 29%
03 40% $37,762.90 23%
New York
01 11% $64,520.81 26%
02 24% $74,050.63 34%
03 9% $74,990.83 16%
04 31% $69,986.97 37%
05 27% $59,909.48 15%
06 70% $46,592.07 47%
07 57% $38,661.38 33%
08 17% $45,218.47 8%
09 2% $49,091.35 21%
10 79% $35,286.31 44%
11 71% $37,285.05 32%
12 58% $33,010.76 30%
13 17% $49,314.90 25%
14 17% $56,279.97 6%
15 78% $28,374.16 10%
16 93% $15,871.11 43%
17 51% $48,291.82 32%
18 25% $78,835.05 18%
19 12% $67,228.21 23%
20 4% $44,601.93 23%
21 10% $41,320.98 29%
22 16% $38,454.40 28%
23 4% $35,664.07 25%
24 5% $35,915.87 23%
25 9% $44,096.96 20%
26 5% $46,844.55 21%
27 9% $36,605.82 24%
28 34% $31,819.30 30%
29 4% $42,556.60 21%
North Carolina
01 52% $28,437.00 30%
02 37% $35,240.01 24%
03 23% $37,279.86 18%
04 26% $52,637.76 17%
05 11% $40,956.94 23%
06 14% $44,373.17 24%
07 63% $33,411.57 21%
08 34% $37,741.99 29%
09 15% $57,033.77 23%
10 13% $36,924.29 26%
11 7% $34,229.76 21%
12 53% $32,834.07 34%
13 32% $41,649.74 25%
North Dakota
00 2% $34,985.00 19%
Ohio
01 28% $37,964.14 32%
02 5% $48,462.77 22%
03 18% $42,140.72 28%
04 6% $39,111.02 30%
05 5% $42,128.43 28%
06 3% $32,317.92 27%
07 8% $44,114.75 29%
08 5% $35,097.71 28%
09 17% $40,337.70 28%
10 10% $41,872.51 27%
11 57% $34,182.03 44%
12 23% $49,493.22 25%
13 15% $45,481.26 28%
14 4% $55,650.16 22%
15 10% $45,087.06 26%
16 6% $41,710.79 28%
17 13% $35,555.96 34%
18 3% $34,450.88 33%
Oklahoma
01 15% $42,515.38 28%
02 6% $29,183.49 38%
03 9% $32,515.22 32%
04 11% $35,700.12 28%
05 22% $35,243.70 28%
Oregon
01 10% $50,066.29 22%
02 9% $35,937.53 23%
03 13% $43,427.12 25%
04 5% $37,422.97 24%
05 11% $45,391.03 24%
Pennsylvania
01 58% $28,698.12 36%
02 65% $34,180.28 32%
03 5% $35,880.99 22%
04 5% $35,880.99 22%
05 4% $45,172.02 20%
06 2% $33,965.55 23%
07 10% $58,865.26 17%
08 7% $60,004.08 17%
09 6% $60,034.06 14%
10 3% $34,010.38 23%
11 5% $34,517.25 30%
12 4% $30,462.06 27%
13 8% $54,680.97 18%
14 23% $30,692.99 32%
15 10% $45,527.70 21%
16 13% $46,460.78 17%
17 10% $40,121.19 22%
18 3% $46,186.47 19%
19 6% $44,541.78 20%
Rhode Island
01 11% $42,203.03 25%
02 14% $44,586.96 30%
South Carolina
01 24% $40,353.11 23%
02 30% $44,955.19 25%
03 22% $36,457.63 28%
04 23% $37,583.36 27%
05 34% $35,099.46 30%
06 58% $28,307.16 38%
South Dakota
00 2% $34,213.11 21%
Tennessee
01 4% $30,898.00 27%
02 7% $36,033.00 26%
03 12% $35,150.00 30%
04 6% $32,063.00 17%
05 29% $40,869.00 25%
06 9% $38,894.00 27%
07 17% $42,416.00 23%
08 23% $33,839.00 35%
09 62% $33,462.68 44%
Texas
01 28% $33,205.53 29%
02 31% $45,189.56 35%
03 26% $66,542.02 24%
04 18% $37,874.49 27%
05 25% $41,694.66 35%
06 28% $46,403.11 32%
07 25% $68,360.71 24%
08 18% $42,201.97 28%
09 69% $37,116.92 49%
10 29% $55,875.96 29%
11 34% $33,584.21 32%
12 29% $43,373.60 30%
13 23% $33,676.86 27%
14 34% $42,157.22 27%
15 76% $28,848.04 43%
16 81% $31,821.13 34%
17 26% $35,305.75 29%
18 75% $30,949.74 45%
19 34% $32,659.21 29%
20 74% $31,297.00 38%
21 23% $58,909.98 17%
22 30% $58,659.00 31%
23 57% $38,343.00 24%
24 28% $60,668.58 28%
25 75% $26,611.43 37%
26 30% $45,592.37 26%
27 73% $31,505.00 36%
28 74% $31,435.00 36%
29 76% $32,196.00 53%
30 75% $35,054.34 47%
31 39% $43,117.63 21%
32 44% $59,380.22 25%
Utah
01 12% $47,062.02 25%
02 6% $50,022.31 23%
03 10% $49,212.20 30%
Vermont
01 1% $40,700.85 18%
Virginia
01 21% $51,618.77 29%
02 25% $46,069.12 35%
03 58% $33,254.17 24%
04 35% $42,880.26 27%
05 25% $35,597.96 35%
06 13% $37,602.21 32%
07 17% $55,124.42 24%
08
09 5% $29,992.00 28%
10 14% $76,772.25 21%
11 19% $76,772.25 22%
Washington
01 6% $61,392.63 18%
02 7% $47,030.62 24%
03 6% $44,506.22 26%
04 27% $38,591.61 25%
05 6% $37,322.86 23%
06 11% $39,468.87 29%
07 14% $48,799.83 15%
08 6% $67,461.51 21%
09 13% $48,164.59 29%
West Virginia
01 2% $30,223.63 23%
02 4% $33,079.41 25%
03 4% $25,482.67 28%
Wisconsin
01 10% $49,854.93 24%
02 7% $50,079.98 16%
03 1% $39,800.32 23%
04 44% $32,081.91 43%
05 3% $49,404.26 16%
06 3% $43,886.12 22%
07 1% $38,461.87 23%
08 3% $42,937.44 19%
Wyoming
00 7% $38,418.50 26%

 

Background on Research

The Center for Community Capital created these maps in 2007 at the request of the Center for Responsible Lending, a nonprofit advocacy group, which distributed them to members of the U.S. Congress to expose discriminatory practices in subprime mortgage lending.

Subprime loans are those loans issued to persons with low or blemished credit scores. Greater attention has been paid to subprime mortgage lending practices since it has been demonstrated that these loans are disproportionately issued to low income and minority populations.

Notes and Data Sources

Unit of observation: Census tracts

N/A: Census tracts for which no data is displayed for one of two reasons: 1. Census tract boundaries do no necessarily coincide with congressional district boundaries. Therefore, each census tract was “assigned” entirely to the congressional district within which a majority of its area lies. 2. No data was available for the census tract.
Left-hand map: Below 80% District Median Income — median income was obtained for each census tract with a majority area within the congressional district, and then averaged. The average was then multiplied by 80% to arrive at the value that equals 80% of the Area Medium Income. This number will differ for each congressional district.Above District % Black and Latino — for each census tract within the congressional district, total, black and Latino populations were totaled. The total black and Latino population for the district was divided by the total district population to arrive at the percentage of blacks and Latinos in the district, and thus differs for each congressional district.
Right-hand map: Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) data was used to determine the total number of mortgages issued, and the total number of subprime mortgages issued by census tract for 2005 and 2006. This map displays subprime mortgage issuance as a percentage of total mortgage issuance by census tract.

 

 


Topics(s): Affordable Homeownership, Default, Bankruptcy, & Foreclosure, Housing Policy, Mortgage Finance